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Agar Medium O (Baird Parker Agar)
Recommended for the isolation and enumeration of coagulase positive Staphylococci from food, pharmaceutical and other materials in accordance with European Pharmacopoeia.
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Composition**
| Ingredients | Gms/Litre |
|---|---|
| Pancreatic digest of casein | 10.000 |
| Beef extract | 5.000 |
| Yeast extract | 1.000 |
| Glycine | 12.000 |
| Sodium pyruvate | 10.000 |
| Lithium chloride | 5.000 |
| Agar | 20.000 |
| pH after sterilization (at 25°C) | 6.8±0.2 |
**Formula adjusted, standardized to suit performance parameters
Directions
Suspend 63.0 grams in 950 ml purified /distilled water. Heat to boiling to dissolve the medium completely. Sterilize by autoclaving at 15 lbs pressure (121°C) for 15 minutes or as per validated cycle. Cool to 50°C and add aseptically 50 ml concentrated Egg Yolk Emulsion (FD045) and 1 vial of sterile 1% Potassium Tellurite solution (FD052). Mix well before pouring into sterile Petri plates.
Warning: Lithium Chloride is harmful. Avoid all bodily contact and inhalation of vapours. On contact with skin wash with plenty of water immediately
Principle And Interpretation
This medium is cited as Agar medium O in European Pharmacopoeia, 2008 (1) and is recommended for isolation and enumeration of coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus This medium was developed by Baird-Parker (2,3) from the Tellurite-glycine formulation of Zebovitz et al (4) for isolation of S. aureus from foods. Staphylococcus species are common contaminants in food, dairy, pharmaceutical and cosmetics related products (9). This medium is recommended for sterility checking of materials to detect S. aureus. Baird Parker medium was reported to be the best medium for selective detection of coagulase positive and entero-toxigenic Staphylococcus (5). This medium was found to be less inhibitory to S.aureus than other media, at the same time being more selective (6,7). Subsequently it was officially adapted by the AOAC and European Pharmacopoeia (1,8).
Beef extract, yeast extract and pancreatic digest of casein provides essential mineral, vitamin and other growth requirements. Sodium pyruvate protects injured cells and helps recovery. Lithium chloride and potassium tellurite inhibit most of contaminating microflora except S.aureus Glycine, pyruvate enhances growth of Staphylococcus. With the addition of egg yolk the medium becomes yellow and opaque. Glycine neutralizes aldehyde, while egg yolk neutralizes phenolic compounds, if any, in the test samples.
Proteolytic bacteria produce a clear zone around the colony in egg yolk containing media also known as Lecithinase reaction. A clear zone and grey-black colonies on this medium are diagnostic for coagulase positive Staphylococci. Upon further incubation, an opaque zone is developed around colonies, which can be due to lipolytic activity. Identity of S. aureus isolated on Baird-Parker Agar must be confirmed with a coagulase reaction and deoxyribonuclease test. The sterility of product is confirmed by absence of growth of S. aureus on this medium.
Quality Control
Appearance
Cream to yellow homogeneous free flowing powder
Gelling
Firm, comparable with 2.0% agar gel.
Colour and Clarity of prepared medium
Basal medium: Yellow coloured clear to slightly opalescent gel After addition of Egg Yolk Emulsion and Tellurite Emulsion: Yellow coloured opaque gel forms in Petri plates.
Reaction
After sterilization, reaction of 6.3% w/v aqueous solution. pH: 6.8±0.2
pH
6.60-7.00
Cultural Response
Growth Promotion is carried out in accordance with EP. Cultural response was observed after an incubation at 35-37°C for 18-72 hours. Recovery rate is considered as 100% for bacteria growth on Soyabean Casein Digest Agar.
Cultural Response
ME043: Cultural characteristics observed after incubation at 35-37°C for 18-72 hours. Recovery rate is considered as 100% for bacteria growth on Soyabean Casein Digest Agar.
| Organism | Inoculum (CFU) | Growth | Lot value (CFU) | Recovery | Colour of colony | Lecithinase |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growth Promoting | ||||||
| Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 | 50-100 | luxuriant | 25-100 | >=50% | grey-black shiny | Positive, opaque zone around the colony |
| Additional Microbiological testing | ||||||
| Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 | 50-100 | luxuriant | 25-100 | >=50% | grey-black shiny | Positive, opaque zone around the colony |
| Proteus mirabilis ATCC 25933 | 50-100 | good - luxuriant | 50 -100 | >=50 | brown - black | Negative |
| Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10240 | 50-100 | poor - good | 15-40 | 30-40% | shades of brown-black (very small) | Negative |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 | 50-100 | poor - good | 15-40 | 30-40% | black | Negative |
| Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 | 50-100 | none - poor | 0-10 | 0-10% | dark brown matt | Negative |
| Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 | 50-100 | none- poor | 0-10 | 0-10% | large brown black | Negative |
| Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 | 50-100 | none- poor | 0-10 | 0-10% | large brown black | Negative |
| Escherichia coli NCTC 9002 | 50-100 | none- poor | 0-10 | 0-10% | large brown black | Negative |
Storage and Shelf Life
Store below 30°C in tightly closed container and the prepared medium at 2-8°C. Use before expiry date on the label.
| Product Name | Agar Medium O (Baird Parker Agar) |
|---|---|
| SKU | ME043 |
| Product Type | Regular |
| Physical Form | Powder |
| Origin | Animal |
| Packaging type | HDPE |
| References | 1. Baird-Parker A. C., 1962, J. Appl. Bacteriol., 25:12. 2.Baird-Parker A. C. and Davenport E., 1965, J. Appl. Bacteriol., 28:390. 3.Zebovitz E., Evans J. B. and Niven C.F., 1955, J. Bacteriol., 70:686 . 4.Tardio and Baer, 1971, J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 54:728. 5.Baer, 1971, J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 54:732. 6.Assoc. off. Anal. Chem., 1971, 54:401. 7.Horwitz (Ed.), 2000, Official methods of analysis of AOAC International, 17th Ed., Vol. I., AOAC International,Gaithersburg, MD. 8.The United States Pharmacopoeia, 2018, The United States Pharmacopoeial Convention. Rockville, MD. 9.International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1983, Draft ISO/DIS 6888. 10.Smith B. A. and Baird-Parker A.C., 1964, J. Appl. Bacteriol., 27:78. 11. Beckers N. J. et al, 1984, Can. J. Microbiol., 30:470.1 2.American Public Health Association, Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products, 1978, 14th Ed., WashingtonD.C. 13.Salfinger Y., and Tortorello M.L. Fifth (Ed.), 2015, Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination ofFoods, 5th Ed., American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C. 14..Wehr H. M. and Frank J. H., 2004, Standard Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Dairy Products, 17th Ed.,APHA Inc., Washington, D.C. 15.Isenberg, H.D. Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handb0ook. 2nd Edition. 16.Jorgensen,J.H., Pfaller , M.A., Carroll, K.C., Funke, G., Landry, M.L., Richter, S.S and Warnock., D.W. (2015)Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 11th Edition. Vol. 1. |
| Customized Product Available | No |
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