Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), High glucose

Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium is one of the most widely used modification of Eagles medium. DMEM is a modification of Basal Medium Eagle (BME) that contains four fold concentration of amino acids and vitamins. Additionally, the formulation also includes glycine, serine and ferric nitrate. The original formulation contains 1000mgs/L of glucose and was originally used to culture embryonic mouse cells. DMEM high glucose is a further modification of original DMEM and contains 4500mgs/L of glucose. The additional glucose has proved to be useful in cultivating various other cell lines including primary cultures of mouse and chicken cells as well as various normal and transformed cell lines. AT241 is DMEM with L-glutamine, 4.5gms per litre glucose, sodium pyruvate and 25mM HEPES buffer. HEPES, a zwitterionic buffer having a pKa of 7.3 at 37ºC prevents the initial rise in pH that tends to occur at the initiation of a culture and increases the buffering capacity of the medium. It does not contain sodium bicarbonate and phenol red.