KF Streptococcal HiVeg™ Agar Base

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MV248
For selective isolation and enumeration of faecal Streptococci in surface water by direct plating or by membrane filter method. It can also be used for clinical samples.


Intended use

Recommended for selective isolation and enumeration of faecal Streptococci in surface water by direct plating or by membrane filter method.

Composition**

Ingredients g/L
HiVeg™™ specail peptone 10.000
Yeast extract 10.000
Sodium chloride 5.000
Sodium glycerophosphate 10.000
Maltose 20.000
Lactose 1.000
Sodium azide 0.400
Agar 20.000
Final pH (at 25°C) 7.2±0.2

**Formula adjusted, standardized to suit performance parameters

Directions

Suspend 76.4 grams in 1000 ml purified / distilled water. Add rehydrated contents of 1 vial of Bromo Cresol Purple (FD093). Heat to boiling to dissolve the medium completely. DO NOT AUTOCLAVE. Overheating will lower the pH and render the medium less productive. Cool to 45-50°C and aseptically add 10 ml of 1% 2, 3, 5-Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC) (FD057). Mix well and pour into sterile Petri plates.

Principle And Interpretation

Streptococci are spherical, gram-positive bacteria and form a part of the normal commensal flora of the mouth, skin, intestine, upper respiratory tract of humans. Streptococci found in the faeces form the faecal Streptococci and constitute of Streptococci with group D Lancefield antigens. The types include Streptococcus faecalis, Streptococcus faecium, Streptococcus bovis and Streptococcus duran. They are low-grade pathogens and rarely cause disease. However, they may cause urinary tract infection in catheterized patients; mixed abdominal wound infections following gut surgery; and endocarditis on abnormal valves. Kenner-Faecal (KF) Medium was developed by Kenner et al (1,2) for detecting Streptococci in water and food materials. KF Streptococcus Agar Base is recommended by APHA for enumerating faecal Streptococci in food materials (3). KF Streptococcal HiVeg™™ Agar Base is prepared by completely replacing animal peptones with vegetable peptone to avoid BSE/TSE risks associated with animal peptones.

HiVeg™™ special peptone with yeast extract provide nitrogen, carbon, sulphur, amino acids, vitamins and trace ingredients to the faecal Streptococci. Lactose and maltose are the fermentable carbohydrates and therefore serve as energy sources. Sodium azide is a selective agent, which hampers the growth of gram-negative bacteria.

2,3,5-Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride is reduced to insoluble formazan by actively metabolizing cells, resulting in the formation of pink or red colonies. Bacteria resistant to azide, utilize lactose and / or maltose. The acidity so produced changes the colour of the indicator dyes to yellow. Bacterial cells reduce TTC to insoluble formazan, resulting in the formation of pink to red colonies.

Samples can be directly streaked or sterile membrane filters through which the water samples have been passed are aseptically placed on the media. After an incubation at 35-37°C for 24-48 hours, Enterococci appear as pink to red colonies. After this presumptive identification, further confirmatory tests should be carried out (4,5).

Type of specimen

Food samples; Water sample

Specimen Collection and Handling:

For food samples, follow appropriate techniques for sample collection, processing as per guidelines (7).

For water samples, follow appropriate techniques for sample collection, processing as per guidelines and local standards (2).

After use, contaminated materials must be sterilized by autoclaving before discarding.

Warning and Precautions

Read the label before opening the container. The media should be handled by trained personnel only. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. Follow good microbiological lab practices while handling specimens and culture. Standard precautions as per established guidelines should be followed while handling clinical specimens. Safety guidelines may be referred in individual safety data sheets.

Limitations :

  1. Due to nutritional variation, some strains may show poor growth.
  2. Further biochemical tests must be carried out for confirmation.

Performance and Evaluation

Performance of the medium is expected when used as per the direction on the label within the expiry period when stored at recommended temperature.

Quality Control

Appearance
Cream to yellow with slight greenish tinge homogeneous free flowing powder

Gelling
Firm, comparable with 2.0% agar gel.

Colour and Clarity of prepared medium
Basal medium: Light yellow. After addition of FD093 (Bromo Cresol Purple): Light purple coloured clear to slightly opalescent gel forms in Petri plates

Reaction
Reaction of 7.64% w/v aqueous solution at 25°C. pH: 7.2±0.2

pH
7.00-7.40

Cultural Response
Cultural characteristics observed with added FD057 and FD093, after an incubation at 35-37°C for 48-72 hours.

Organism Inoculum (CFU) Growth Recovery Colour of colony
# Klebsiella aerogenes ATCC 113048 (00175*) >=104 inhibited 0%
Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 (00087*) 50-100 good-luxuriant >=50% red-maroon
Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (00013*) >=104 inhibited 0%

Key: (*) - Corresponding WDCM numbers
(#) - Formerly known as Enterobacter aerogenes

Storage and Shelf Life

Store between 10-30°C in a tightly closed container and the prepared medium at 2-8°C. Use before expiry date on the label. On opening, product should be properly stored dry, after tightly capping the bottle in order to prevent lump formation due to the hygroscopic nature of the product. Improper storage of the product may lead to lump formation. Store in dry ventilated area protected from extremes of temperature and sources of ignition Seal the container tightly after use. Product performance is best if used within stated expiry period.

Disposal

User must ensure safe disposal by autoclaving and/or incineration of used or unusable preparations of this product. Follow established laboratory procedures in disposing of infectious materials and material that comes into contact with sample must be decontaminated and disposed of in accordance with current laboratory techniques (7,8).

More Information
Product Name KF Streptococcal HiVeg™ Agar Base
SKU MV248
Product Type HiVeg™
Physical Form Powder
Origin Animal Free (Veg)
Packaging type HDPE
References 1.Kenner B. A., Clark H. F. and Kabler P. W., 1960, Am. J. Public Health, 50:1553.
2.Kenner B. A., Clark H. F. and Kabler P. W., 1961, Appl. Microbiol., 9:15.
3.Salfinger Y., and Tortorello M.L. Fifth (Ed.), 2015, Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods, 5th Ed., American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C4.MacFaddin J. F., 1985, Media for Isolation-Cultivation-Identification-Maintenance of Medical Bacteria, Vol. 1, Williamsand Wilkins, Baltimore.
5.Facklam R. R. and Moody M. P., 1970, Appl. Microbiol., 20:245
6.Baird R.B., Eaton A.D., and Rice E.W., (Eds.), 2015, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 23rd ed., APHA, Washington, D.C.
7.Isenberg, H.D. Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook 2nd Edition.
8.Jorgensen, J.H., Pfaller, M.A., Carroll, K.C., Funke, G., Landry, M.L., Richter, S.S and Warnock., D.W. (2015) Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 11th Edition. Vol. 1.
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