Arcobacter Broth Base

Intended Use

Recommended as an enrichment broth used for Arcobacter species from clinical and non-clinical samples.

Composition**

Final pH ( at 25°C) 7.2±0.2

**Formula adjusted, standardized to suit performance parameters

Directions

Suspend 12.0 grams in 500 ml purified / distilled water. Heat if necessary to dissolve the medium completely. Sterilize by autoclaving at 15 lbs pressure (121°C) for 15 minutes. Allow to cool to 45 - 50°C and aseptically add rehydrated contents of one vial of CCDA Selective Supplement (FD135). Mix well and dispense into sterile tubes.

Principle And Interpretation

Arcobacter are aerotolerant, Campylobacter-like organisms frequently isolated from cattle and pigs suffering form abortion and enteritis (1). Only two of the four Arcobacter species have been associated with human infections. A. butzleri has been isolated from patients with bacteremia, endocarditis, peritonitis and diarrhoea (2,3). A. cryaerophilus group 1B has been isolated from patients with bacteremia and diarrhoea (4,5), although it is a much less common human isolate than A.butzleri (6). Arcobacter Broth Base with added supplements is used as a selective enrichment broth for Arcobacter species. The medium is made selective for A. butzleri by the addition of CCDA Selective Supplement (FD135).

Peptones and yeast extract provide essential growth nutrients for Arcobacter species. Sodium chloride maintains osmotic equilibrium in addition to providing essential ions for growth. Cefoperazone, amphotericin B and teicoplanin are added to suppress the growth of Campylobacter species. Campylobacter species are further suppressed due to the incubation conditions and also due to lack of charcoal or blood in the medium.

Type of specimen

Clinical sample- faeces samples, Food sample

Specimen Collection and Handling

For clinical samples follow appropriate techniques for handling specimens as per established guidelines (7,8).

For food samples, follow appropriate techniques for sample collection and processing as per guidelines (9). After use, contaminated materials must be sterilized by autoclaving before discarding.

Warning and Precautions

In Vitro diagnostic Use. For professional use only. Read the label before opening the container. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/ face protection. Follow good microbiological lab practices while handling specimens and culture. Standard precautions as per established guidelines should be followed while handling clinical specimens. Safety guidelines may be referred in individual safety data sheets.

Limitations

1. Individual organisms differ in their growth requirement and may show variable growth patterns on the medium
2. Each lot of the medium has been tested for the organisms specified on the COA. It is recommended to users to validate the medium for any specific microorganism other than mentioned in the COA based on the user’s unique requirement.

Performance and Evaluation

Performance of the medium is expected when used as per the direction on the label within the expiry period when stored at recommended temperature.

Quality Control

Appearance: Cream to yellow homogeneous free flowing powder

Colour and Clarity of prepared medium: Light amber coloured clear solution in tubes.

Reaction: Reaction of 2.4% w/v aqueous solution at 25°C. pH : 7.2±0.2

pH: 7.00-7.40

Cultural Response

Cultural characteristics observed with added CCDA Selective Supplement (FD135),after an incubation at 35-37°C for 18-48 hours.

Key : *Corresponding WDCM numbers.

Storage and Shelf Life

Store between 10-30°C in a tightly closed container and the prepared medium at 2-8°C. Use before expiry date on the label. On opening, product should be properly stored dry, after tightly capping the bottle in order to prevent lump formation due to the hygroscopic nature of the product. Improper storage of the product may lead to lump formation. Store in dry ventilated area protected from extremes of temperature and sources of ignition. Seal the container tightly after use. Product performance is best if used within stated expiry period.

Disposal

User must ensure safe disposal by autoclaving and/or incineration of used or unusable preparations of this product. Follow established laboratory procedures in disposing of infectious materials and material that comes into contact with clinical sample must be decontaminated and disposed of in accordance with current laboratory techniques (7,8).

Reference

1. Beran G. W., (Ed.), CRC Handbook of Zoonosis, in press, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla.
2. Kiehlbauch J. A. et al, 1991, J. Clin. Mecrobiol., 29 : 376-385
3. Taylor D. N., et al, 1987, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.31: 438-442
4. Kiehlbauch J. A., Brenner D. J., Nicholson M. A., Baker C. N, Patton C. M., Steigerwalt A. G., Waachsmuth I. K., 1991,J. Clin. Microbiol., 29:376-385.
5. Vandamme P., Vancanneyt M., Pot B., Mels L., Hoste B., Dewettinck D., Vlaes L., Van den Borre C., Higgins R., Hommer J.,1992, Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 42:344-356.
6. Vandamme P., Pugina P., Benzi G., Van Etterick R., Vlaes L., Kersters K., Butzler J., Lior H., Lauwers S. 1992. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30:2335-2337.
7. Isenberg, H.D. Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook 2nd Edition.
8. Jorgensen, J.H., Pfaller, M.A., Carroll, K.C., Funke, G., Landry, M.L., Richter, S.S and Warnock., D.W. (2015) Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 11th Edition. Vol. 1.
9. Salfinger Y., and Tortorello M.L., 2015, Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods, 5th Ed., American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C.